The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne.’ Essay

An outsider is someone who functions outside or on the verge of society; someone who is alienated, misunderstood or misjudged by a person or group of people. To be an outsider would be to hold views of a controversial nature, usually the opposite of what is socially acceptable. Hester Prynne is such an example. It is through the use of her as an outsider; her actions, opinions, morals and portrayal which show how The Outsider Novel is or isn’t just another name for the novel of social protest. Upon reading The Scarlet Letter, it would be safe to assume that Nathaniel Hawthorne is using the protagonist, Hester Prynne, as a scapegoat through whom he can socially protest. Social protest could be defined as when the author uses a character†¦show more content†¦It should be noted that whilst Hester is not fully accepted by society at one point, a few citizens here and there referred to her as ‘our Hester – the town’s own Hester†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Individuals or small clusters of people begin to treat Hester with a slightly less untoward attitude yet whilst the crowd is in its multitude, they do not dare enter the circumference which forms around her. This highlights the segregation between Hester and the rest of the society. Hester’s segregation is furthermore emphasised by her choice of home. She lives ‘on the outskirts of town, within the verge of the peninsula, but not in close vicinity to any other habitation†¦ abandoned, because the soil about it was too sterile for cultivation, while its comparative remoteness put it out of the sphere of social activity†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Hester’s geographical detachment from society correlates with the mental and emotional detachment between her and the citizens. One could ask the question, ‘Is Hawthorne creating an outsider with whom we feel pity and remorse?’ ‘Would our opinion of that society be different if there wasn’t an outsider?’ As previously mentioned, he is socially protesting: highlighting the societal attitude towards Hester emphasises how this could not be achieved without an outsider and how the terms ‘The Outsider Novel’ andShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne12 42 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in the family of Nathaniel, his father, and Elizabeth Clark Hathorne his mother. Nathaniel added â€Å"W† to his name to distance himself from the side of the family. His father Nathaniel, was a sea captain, and died in 1808 with a yellow fever while at sea. 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Throughout the book, Hawthorne documents how Dimmesdale and Hester s different ways of dealingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1714 Words   |  7 PagesSome two hundred years following the course of events in the infamous and rigid Puritan Massachusetts Colony in the 1600s, Nathaniel Hawthorne, descendant of a Puritan magistrate, in the 19th century, published The Scarlet Letter. Wherein such work, Hawthorne offered a social critique against 17th Massachusetts through the use of complex and dynamic characters and literary Romanticism to shed light on said society’s inherent contradiction to natural order and natural law. In his conclusive statements

The Libertarian Philosophy That Robert Nozick Advocates

The Libertarian Philosophy that Robert Nozick advocates in his seminal works Anarchy, State and Utopia delves deeply into the concepts of distributive justice and equality we, humanity, are entitled to. Nozick emphasises the effectiveness of the minimal state as a political system that is successful in ensuring the traditional libertarian view of negative liberty that secures what Nozick believes to be our inalienable rights. Quite clearly Nozick is a supporter of minimal interference from a governing body over people as it infringes on their ability to live freely. Whilst, ‘taxation is on a par with forced labour,’ can be initially interpreted as a bold and sweeping statement is in fact, once evaluated in relation to the libertarian view†¦show more content†¦In Nozick’s opinion there is no need for a welfare state. Nozick argues that interference from the state is detrimental to the liberty of the individual. In his famous thought experiment from Anarchy, State and Utopia, he expresses in a very convincing way that taxation can in fact be equalled to forced labour. The properly basic belief Nozick holds is that to take n amount of money earned from an individual is equal to taking n number of hours from the same individual. For Nozick, they equate to the same value. This is because when an individual chooses to work a greater number of hours to receive an income more than that needed for them to live sufficiently they choose to do this so they may indulge in extra goods such as clothing, holiday’s and costly luxuries. In contrast, there are others who prefer to spend less time gaining an income and instead like to spend more time enjoying leisure. This is just the nature of society, some are driven by wealth and the possibility of gaining extra goods whilst others desire to work less and enjoy their own leisure. However, if we were to take away an individual’s right to enjoy their own leisure for them to work a greater number of hours because of the requirement to support the needy we would consider this an unjustifiable act of forced labour as we have violated their right to choose how they spend their own time. Yet when we require taxes from an individual who earnsShow MoreRelatedTheories of Justice3826 Words   |  16 Pagesindividual rights. Libertarian Justice This form of justice promotes liberty, each person living as they please, free from interference of others. Libertarian justice totally rejects utilitarianisms concern for total social well-being. The Libertarian believes that as long as you are not doing something that interferes with anyone elses liberty, then no one including government should disturb you in living the life you choose, regardless of maximizing social happiness. 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Libertarianism carries with it the ideal that each and every person should have absolute freedom to live their lives in any manner they see fit so long as one person’s freedom does not infringe upon the rights of another’s. This generally means that most Libertarians advocate for a minimalist government on the basis that it should have no say whatsoeverRead MoreThe Role of Justice in Society2403 Words   |  10 Pagestreated alike. For one to exhibit justice, one must portray the quality of being fair and reasonable in all situations. While egalitarians evaluate justice based on equality, utilitarians are only interested in justice as a means to an end. Smart advocates the principle of utility, which defines the morally action as whatever produces the greatest net happiness for everyone affected by that act. To identify an act as ‘just , Rawls employs the theory of justice as fairness. 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However, this id eology of extreme economic libertarianism does not lend itself to a meritocratic society and can result in societal harm that is just as destructive as the opposite extreme. A system such as that which Nozick advocates allows families to pass down wealth and betweenRead MoreThe Right Of The Group, Government And Equitable Treatment1857 Words   |  8 Pagesplutocratic, are barred from equitable status and representation under the social contract of the current political landscape. Due to all of these historical events or current systems being motivated and driven primarily by economic incentive, I advocate that these peoples are denied their seat at the table in addressing modifications to constraints of the current contract by the economic defenses entrenched in its current incarnation. The aforementioned notion of Justice, however, has a flawedRead MoreCustomer Perception on Buying House5873 Words   |  24 Pagesreversibility. 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Barbie Doll Syndrome free essay sample

Midwest Foot and Ankle Specialists, Davenport. â€Å"The typical problems I see are directly related to shoes that aren’t shaped like a person’s foot. Wearing shoes too small or those shaped in an unnatural way will cause deformities,† she adds. Pamela Davis, M. D. Foot amp; Ankle Specialists, Davenport, IA â€Å"Women are binding their feet† The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society found in a survey about 80% of women had foot pain and that 59% of women wear uncomfortable shoes for at least an hour a day, either for professional or fashion reasons. Dr. Davis sees the painful result frequently. â€Å"Unfortunately, many shoes are basically binding women’s feet and are causing painful stress fractures, bunions, hammertoes, and neuromas. † Bunions are common in women of various ages. â€Å"The younger you are, the more likely it is you have a genetic disposition to bunions. Later in life, it’s usually due to ill-fitting shoes. † Bunions follow a painful progression that conforms to the dangerous shape of pointed shoes. Initially the toes become crooked, pain sets in, then they get more crooked. Over time, the big toe heads toward the second toe, and the second, third and fourth toes head towards big toe. Time for surgery? Early treatment for bunions is pretty simple, says Dr. Davis: â€Å"Wear foot-friendly shoes. Later on it takes surgery to correct the deformities. I see a lot of people who don’t know if they should have surgery to correct deformities. Her rule of thumb: If you are having pain more days than not, then it’s time to have them fixed. But it’s the too tight, too-pointy shoes that are underneath most foot problems: â€Å"Ninety percent of the bunions and hammertoes that I see could be prevented with proper footwear,† adds Dr. Davis. And those are just two of the problems: metatarsalgia is a pain in the ball of the foot. High heels shove the foot into the pointed toe, causing high pressures in the ball of the foot. The middle bones get all the pressure, and the foot’s fat pad gradually loses its ability to cushion like it should. There’s no treatment but to get out of the heels,† she advises. Stress fractures in active women As more women participate in sports, stress fractures are also common. In newly active women, their bones break down because of the new stresses. In order to repair itself, the body needs to lay down new bone. When that process doesn’t happen quickly enough, the stressed bone will break Peri-menopausal women – usually those aged 45-55 – are especially at risk for stress fractures because they’re starting to lose bone mass. It’s important to maintain a good activity level and be sure to get enough calcium in your diet,† says Dr. Davis. â€Å"If you start having pain accompanied by swelling and redness on the top of the foot, back off. It is important to wear activity-specific shoes that fit well. They will protect you from injury. I generally recommend running shoes for walkers because they have more cushion and shock absorption. † Women who work in high heels should consider commuting in flats or tennis shoes, wearing heels every other day, or looking for fashionable shoes in lower elevations. I don’t have a shoe in my closet that has a heel higher than an inch and a half ,† says Dr. Davis. Because foot size often changes with age, women should have their feet measured for new shoes at the end of the day. Another tip: When buying shoes, make sure the widest part (the ball) of your foot fits comfortably; don’t expect shoes that are too tight to stretch to fit. Fashionable shoes – even some heels – should be comfortable. Common Women’s Foot Ailments: Bunions, Hammertoes and Neuromas Bunions are a common and painful consequence of wearing tight or ill-fitting shoes. When shoes cause too much pressure or friction, the body tries to develop a cushion that often becomes a painful bony lump – usually on the big toe’s first joint – covered by a pad of tender flesh. Bunions are not simply a cosmetic disorder. When the first joint of the big toe is shoved out of alignment, the bone just behind it juts out. That misalignment can become quite painful and decrease foot function. Surgeries to correct bunions and hammertoes sometimes involve correcting and realigning the toes or metatarsals and balancing the soft tissues. If there is a lot of arthritis, the big toe joint can be resurfaced. Hammertoes and their close relatives, mallet toes, develop when a toe becomes fixed in a crooked position with the end of the toe facing permanently downward like the head of a hammer. Limited room in tight shoes crowds the toes, which causes pain and difficulty in walking. Thick calluses (or corns) often develop on the tops of the affected toes and at the ball of the foot. Lengthening the shortened tendons with surgery can correct the situation. When arthritis is significant, the toe joint is often fused. Neuroma, a swollen foot nerve, can also be aggravated by tight or ill-fitting shoes. Shoe pressure squeezes the bones of the foot together until they press on the neuroma. When the bones rub on the nerves, it can hurt, and the entire lower foot may become numb or develop a burning or tingling sensation. In serious cases, a surgeon will remove the swollen nerve through the top of the foot. (Going in through the top allows patients to walk through recovery. ) Update: WQAD-TV ran a recent â€Å"Patient Power† story about Dr. Davis and this issue. You can watch the video below or  visit the MVHNews Online page on WQAD’s web site.